:root {
  color-scheme: light;
  font-family: "Manrope", sans-serif;
  color: #1f2937;
  background: #fff;
  font-synthesis: none;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; }
body { margin: 0; }
a { color: inherit; }

.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 50;
  top: 8px;
  left: 8px;
  transform: translateY(-150%);
  border-radius: 4px;
  padding: 10px 14px;
  background: #1f2937;
  color: #fff;
}

.skip-link:focus { transform: translateY(0); }

.case-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 204px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 6px;
  width: min(1362px, calc(100% - 48px));
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 212px 0 208px;
}

.case-toc {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  padding-top: 24px;
  align-self: start;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 10px;
  margin: 12px 0 0 calc(56px - max(24px, calc(50vw - 681px)));
  font-size: clamp(14px, 1.2vw, 17px);
}

.case-toc a {
  display: block;
  padding: 2px 0;
  color: #1f2937;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color .45s ease, transform .45s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1);
}

.case-toc a[aria-current="location"] {
  color: var(--toc-accent, #9bb8f5);
  transform: translateX(6px);
}

.case-toc a:hover, .case-toc a:focus-visible { color: var(--toc-accent, #618cef); }
.case-content { min-width: 0; max-width: 1152px; }

.case-intro h1 {
  max-width: 932px;
  margin: 0;
  color: #000;
  font-size: clamp(36px, 3.34vw, 48px);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.38;
}

.intro-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 238px minmax(0, 815px);
  gap: 16px;
  min-height: 417px;
  margin-top: 96px;
}

.project-facts {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 48px;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 16px;
}

.project-facts div { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 16px; }
.project-facts dt { color: var(--fact-accent); font-weight: 700; transition: color .5s ease; }
.project-facts dd { margin: 0; color: rgba(0,0,0,.75); line-height: 1.4; }
.fact-role { color: var(--fact-accent, #618cef); }
.fact-team { color: var(--fact-accent, #489e66); }
.fact-timeline { color: var(--fact-accent, #c383d9); }
.fact-contribution { color: var(--fact-accent, #e35935); }
.project-facts dt { color: var(--fact-accent, var(--fact-fallback)); }

.intro-summary > p {
  margin: 0;
  color: #000;
  font-size: 20px;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.intro-metrics {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 42px;
  margin-top: 32px;
}

.intro-metric h2 {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  color: rgba(0,0,0,.5);
  font-size: 24px;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.intro-metric strong { display: block; color: #000; font-size: 36px; line-height: 1.3; }
.intro-metric p { margin: 8px 0 0; color: rgba(0,0,0,.75); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.4; }

.case-banner {
  width: min(1087px, 100%);
  margin: 52px 0 0;
}

.case-banner img, .challenge-panel img, .method-compare__slide img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.case-section { width: min(1087px, 100%); }
.problem-section, .ideation-section, .discovery-section, .design-section, .lab-card-section, .questionnaire-section, .results-section, .reflection-section, .research-section, .catalog-section, .professor-section, .tradeoffs-section, .status-section { margin-top: 140px; }

.section-intro { max-width: 704px; }
.section-intro--problem { max-width: 602px; }
.section-intro--discovery { max-width: 704px; }
.eyebrow { margin: 0 0 16px; color: var(--eyebrow-accent, rgba(0,0,0,.5)); font-size: 16px; font-weight: 700; text-transform: uppercase; }
.section-intro h2 { margin: 0 0 12px; color: #000; font-size: 24px; line-height: 1.4; }
.section-intro > p:not(.eyebrow) { margin: 0; color: rgba(0,0,0,.75); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.45; }

.challenge-panel { margin: 27px 0 0; }

.insight-stack { display: flex; min-height: 385px; flex-direction: column; gap: 24px; margin-top: 32px; }
.insight-card { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 28px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 14px; align-items: center; border-radius: 16px; padding: 20px; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5; }
.insight-card p { margin: 0; }
.insight-card--blue { background: rgba(97,140,239,.1); }
.insight-card--purple { background: rgba(195,131,217,.1); }
.insight-card--green { background: rgba(72,158,102,.1); }
.insight-icon { display: grid; width: 24px; height: 24px; place-items: center; font-size: 20px; object-fit: contain; }

.method-compare { margin-top: 32px; }
.method-compare__controls { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px; }
.method-compare__tabs { position: relative; display: inline-flex; border-radius: 99px; padding: 4px; background: #f5f5f5; }
.method-compare__tabs::before { content: ""; position: absolute; top: 4px; bottom: 4px; left: 4px; width: calc(50% - 4px); border-radius: 99px; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.08); transition: transform .5s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1); }
.method-compare[data-method="ours"] .method-compare__tabs::before { transform: translateX(100%); }
.method-compare__tab { position: relative; flex: 1 1 0; border: 0; border-radius: 99px; padding: 10px 18px; background: none; color: rgba(0,0,0,.5); font: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; white-space: nowrap; cursor: pointer; transition: color .3s ease; }
.method-compare__tab[aria-pressed="true"] { color: #000; }
.method-compare__tab:focus-visible, .method-compare__arrow:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid #618cef; outline-offset: 2px; }
.method-compare__arrow { display: grid; width: 48px; height: 48px; flex: none; place-items: center; border: 0; border-radius: 50%; background: #1f2937; color: #fff; cursor: pointer; transition: background .3s ease, transform .3s ease; animation: method-nudge 2.4s ease-in-out infinite; }
.method-compare__arrow svg { transition: transform .5s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1); }
.method-compare__arrow:hover { background: #618cef; }
.method-compare[data-method="ours"] .method-compare__arrow svg { transform: rotate(180deg); }
.method-compare.is-interacted .method-compare__arrow { animation: none; }
@keyframes method-nudge { 0%, 70%, 100% { transform: translateX(0); } 80% { transform: translateX(6px); } 90% { transform: translateX(-2px); } }
.method-compare__viewport { overflow: hidden; border-radius: 24px; }
.method-compare__track { display: flex; transition: transform .7s cubic-bezier(.65,0,.35,1); }
.method-compare[data-method="ours"] .method-compare__track { transform: translateX(-100%); }
.method-compare__slide { flex: 0 0 100%; margin: 0; transition: opacity .7s ease, transform .7s cubic-bezier(.65,0,.35,1); }
.method-compare__slide[aria-hidden="true"] { opacity: .35; transform: scale(.96); }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .method-compare__track, .method-compare__slide, .method-compare__tabs::before, .method-compare__arrow svg { transition: none; }
  .method-compare__arrow { animation: none; }
}

.design-visual { margin: 32px 0 0; }
.design-visual img { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; border-radius: 20px; }

.results-section .section-intro { max-width: 704px; }
.result-cards { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 24px; margin-top: 32px; }
.result-card { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; border-radius: 24px; }

.after-launch { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; margin-top: 24px; border-radius: 20px; }

.case-footer { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 24px; margin-top: 120px; padding-top: 24px; border-top: 1px solid #eee; color: rgba(0,0,0,.55); font-size: 14px; }
.case-footer a { color: #1f2937; text-decoration: none; }
.case-footer a:hover { color: #618cef; }

/* Grey placeholders and blocks used while a case study's visuals are still in progress. */
:where(.placeholder) { margin: 0; }
.placeholder { display: grid; place-items: center; border-radius: 20px; padding: 16px; background: #e5e5e5; color: rgba(0,0,0,.45); font-size: 14px; text-align: center; }
.placeholder--hero { aspect-ratio: 2008 / 768; }
.placeholder--wide { aspect-ratio: 3261 / 1929; margin-top: 32px; }
.placeholder--card { aspect-ratio: 4 / 3; border-radius: 16px; }
.todo { border-radius: 4px; padding: 0 4px; background: #fff3c4; color: #6b5300; box-decoration-break: clone; -webkit-box-decoration-break: clone; }
.section-intro > .todo-block { margin-top: 16px; }

.feature-cards, .before-after { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 24px; margin-top: 32px; }
.before-after { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0,1fr)); }
.feature-card h3 { margin: 16px 0 6px; color: #000; font-size: 18px; }
.feature-card p, .before-after figcaption { margin: 0; color: rgba(0,0,0,.75); font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.45; }
.before-after figure { margin: 0; }
.before-after figcaption { margin-top: 12px; }
.before-after figcaption strong { color: #000; }

.stat-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 24px; margin-top: 32px; }
.stat-card { border-radius: 20px; padding: 32px; background: #f5f5f5; }
.stat-card strong { display: block; color: #000; font-size: 32px; line-height: 1.2; }
.stat-card p { margin: 10px 0 0; color: rgba(0,0,0,.75); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.45; }

.intro-summary > .intro-goal { margin-top: 16px; }
.intro-goal strong { color: #000; }
/* Slideshow stepped through with a single circular arrow. */
.slideshow { position: relative; margin-top: 32px; }
.slideshow__viewport { display: grid; overflow: hidden; border-radius: 20px; }
.slideshow__slide { grid-area: 1 / 1; margin: 0; opacity: 0; transform: translateX(6%) scale(.97); transition: opacity .8s ease, transform 1s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1); }
.slideshow__slide.is-before { transform: translateX(-6%) scale(.97); }
.slideshow__slide.is-active { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
.slideshow__slide img { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; }
.slideshow__next { position: absolute; top: calc(50% - 24px); right: 2.5%; z-index: 2; display: grid; width: 48px; height: 48px; place-items: center; border: 0; box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(0,0,0,.18); border-radius: 50%; background: #1f2937; color: #fff; cursor: pointer; transition: background .3s ease; animation: method-nudge 2.4s ease-in-out infinite; }
.slideshow__next:hover { background: #618cef; }
.slideshow__next:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid #618cef; outline-offset: 2px; }
.slideshow.is-interacted .slideshow__next { animation: none; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .slideshow__slide { transition: none; transform: none; }
  .slideshow__next { animation: none; }
}

/* Before/after: a full-frame wipe carries the viewer from one complete screen to the other. */
.wipe { margin: 32px 0 0; }
.wipe__controls { position: relative; display: inline-flex; margin-bottom: 16px; border-radius: 99px; padding: 4px; background: #f5f5f5; }
.wipe__controls::before { content: ""; position: absolute; top: 4px; bottom: 4px; left: 4px; width: calc(50% - 4px); border-radius: 99px; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.08); transition: transform .6s cubic-bezier(.65,0,.35,1); }
.wipe[data-state="after"] .wipe__controls::before { transform: translateX(100%); }
.wipe__tab { position: relative; flex: 1 1 0; min-width: 88px; border: 0; border-radius: 99px; padding: 10px 18px; background: none; color: rgba(0,0,0,.5); font: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; cursor: pointer; transition: color .3s ease; }
.wipe__tab[aria-pressed="true"] { color: #000; }
.wipe__tab:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid #618cef; outline-offset: 2px; }
.wipe__frame { position: relative; display: grid; overflow: hidden; border-radius: 20px; background: #f5f5f5; }
.wipe__layer { grid-area: 1 / 1; display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; }
.wipe__layer--before { clip-path: inset(0 0 0 0); transition: clip-path 1.1s cubic-bezier(.65,0,.35,1); }
.wipe[data-state="after"] .wipe__layer--before { clip-path: inset(0 100% 0 0); }
.wipe__edge { position: absolute; top: 0; bottom: 0; left: 100%; width: 3px; margin-left: -2px; background: #fff; box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px rgba(0,0,0,.08), 0 0 18px rgba(97,140,239,.55); opacity: 0; pointer-events: none; transition: left 1.1s cubic-bezier(.65,0,.35,1), opacity .25s ease; }
.wipe[data-state="after"] .wipe__edge { left: 0; }
.wipe.is-moving .wipe__edge { opacity: 1; }
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .wipe__layer--before, .wipe__edge, .wipe__controls::before { transition: none; }
}

.status-pill { display: inline-block; border-radius: 99px; padding: 4px 12px; background: rgba(97,140,239,.12); color: #2f5bd3; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; }
.measure-list { margin: 12px 0 0; padding-left: 20px; color: rgba(0,0,0,.75); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6; }

.reveal-ready [data-reveal] {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(32px);
  transition: opacity .9s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1), transform 1.1s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.2,1);
  transition-delay: var(--reveal-delay, 0ms);
}
.reveal-ready .case-banner[data-reveal] { transform: translateY(48px) scale(.94); }
.reveal-ready [data-reveal].is-revealed { opacity: 1; transform: none; }

@media (max-width: 1050px) {
  .case-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 32px; width: min(100% - 48px, 900px); padding-top: 72px; }
  .case-toc { position: sticky; z-index: 5; top: 0; flex-direction: row; gap: 22px; overflow-x: auto; margin: 0; padding: 16px 0; background: rgba(255,255,255,.96); white-space: nowrap; }
  .intro-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; min-height: 0; margin-top: 64px; }
  .project-facts { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr)); gap: 24px; }
}

@media (max-width: 700px) {
  .case-layout { width: min(100% - 32px, 560px); gap: 24px; padding: 24px 0 168px; }
  .case-toc { gap: 18px; margin: 0 -16px; padding: 12px 16px; font-size: clamp(14px, 4vw, 16px); }
  .case-intro h1 { font-size: clamp(34px, 10vw, 44px); line-height: 1.16; }
  .intro-grid { gap: 36px; margin-top: 48px; }
  .project-facts { gap: 24px 16px; font-size: 14px; }
  .project-facts div { gap: 8px; }
  .intro-summary > p { font-size: 18px; }
  .intro-metrics { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; }
  .case-banner { margin-top: 40px; }
  .case-section { width: 100%; }
  .problem-section, .ideation-section, .discovery-section, .design-section, .lab-card-section, .questionnaire-section, .results-section, .reflection-section, .research-section, .catalog-section, .professor-section, .tradeoffs-section, .status-section { margin-top: 88px; }
  .section-intro h2 { font-size: 22px; }
  .insight-card { grid-template-columns: 22px minmax(0,1fr); gap: 10px; padding: 16px; font-size: 14px; }
  .method-compare__tab { padding: 9px 12px; font-size: 12px; }
  .method-compare__arrow { width: 40px; height: 40px; }
  .method-compare__viewport { border-radius: 14px; }
  .result-cards { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 16px; }
  .case-footer { flex-direction: column; font-size: 12px; }
  .feature-cards, .before-after, .stat-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 16px; }
  .slideshow__next { top: calc(50% - 18px); right: 8px; width: 36px; height: 36px; }
  .wipe__frame { border-radius: 12px; }
  .wipe__tab { min-width: 72px; padding: 9px 14px; font-size: 12px; }
  .slideshow__viewport { border-radius: 12px; }
  .stat-card { padding: 24px; }
  .stat-card strong { font-size: 26px; }
}